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A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster
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A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster.

Baojun Wang1, Haibin Tang2, Yibai Wang3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Design Optimization & Dynamic Simulation Technologies of Ministry of Education, School of Astronautics, Beihang University.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|January 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study details the design and manufacturing of a 100 kW applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic (AF-MPD) thruster. The water-cooled thruster demonstrates high performance and continuous operation, suitable for space propulsion.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma physics
  • Aerospace engineering
  • Electric propulsion

Background:

  • Applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic (AF-MPD) thrusters offer high specific impulse and thrust density for space applications.
  • Optimizing AF-MPD thruster design is crucial for enhancing performance and reliability in space missions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present protocols for designing and manufacturing a 100 kW class AF-MPD thruster with water-cooling.
  • To investigate the effects of operational parameters on thruster performance.
  • To evaluate the long-term operational stability and cathode erosion.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and manufactured a 100 kW AF-MPD thruster featuring water-cooling, a hollow tantalum tungsten cathode, and a cylindrical divergent copper anode.
  • Utilized a vacuum system (0.01 Pa) and a thrust stand for experimental testing.
  • Systematically varied propellant flow rates, discharge current, and magnetic field strength to assess performance.

Main Results:

  • The thruster achieved a maximum power of 100 kW with a discharge voltage of 130 V, current of 800 A, and magnetic field of 0.25 T.
  • Continuous operation was achieved with minimal erosion on the hollow cathode surface.
  • Performance was comparable to existing literature data for similar thruster configurations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed water-cooled AF-MPD thruster design is effective and stable for long-duration operation.
  • The design choices, including cathode and anode configuration, contribute to reliable performance.
  • This work provides a foundation for future high-power electric propulsion systems.