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Therapeutic applications of selenium nanoparticles.

Amit Khurana1, Sravani Tekula1, Mohd Aslam Saifi1

  • 1Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana State, India.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|January 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) show reduced toxicity and enhanced therapeutic benefits for oxidative stress disorders. Further research is needed to understand their impact on selenoprotein pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Keywords:
AntioxidantCancerInflammationSelenium nanoparticlesSelenoproteinssiRNA delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomedicine and Materials Science
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology and Toxicology

Background:

  • Inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) offer advantages in drug delivery, including reduced toxicity and enhanced bioactivity.
  • Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element crucial for selenoprotein function, regulating physiological redox balance.
  • Conventional selenium compounds have a narrow therapeutic window and delicate toxicity margins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the significance of nanosizing on the pharmacological activity of selenium.
  • To present the role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in pharmacological protection against inflammatory and oxidative stress-mediated conditions.
  • To highlight the knowledge gap regarding the effects of SeNPs on selenoprotein pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Review and discussion of existing literature on selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and their pharmacological activities.
  • Analysis of the impact of nanosizing on selenium's therapeutic properties.
  • Evaluation of SeNPs' potential in treating oxidative stress and inflammation-related disorders.

Main Results:

  • Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibit remarkably reduced toxicity compared to conventional selenium forms.
  • SeNPs demonstrate potential therapeutic benefits in various oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated disorders, including arthritis, cancer, diabetes, and nephropathy.
  • SeNPs serve as an attractive platform for targeted drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Nanosizing significantly enhances the pharmacological activity and reduces the toxicity of selenium.
  • SeNPs hold promise for treating a range of diseases linked to oxidative stress and inflammation.
  • Further well-designed studies are required to elucidate the effects of SeNPs on selenoprotein pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, using appropriate selenium sources for comparison.