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Risk of obstructive sleep apnea in multiple sclerosis: Frequency, clinical and radiological correlates

Osama A Abdel Salam1, Nesma A M Ghonimi2, Mohamed H Ismail2

  • 1Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|January 8, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk is high in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, correlating with increased fatigue and disability. Early screening for OSA in MS is crucial for managing symptoms and disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Primary sleep disorders, particularly obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), are more prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to the general population.
  • Understanding the link between OSA and MS is vital for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of OSA risk in MS patients.
  • To investigate the association between OSA risk and self-reported fatigue, sleepiness, clinical disability, radiological findings, and treatment status in MS.
  • To enhance the management strategies for MS patients with sleep disorders.

Main Methods:

  • 124 MS patients (53 male, 71 female; mean age 31.12 ± 7.48) completed questionnaires including STOP-Bang, Berlin, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
  • Clinical disability was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).
  • Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate correlations and group differences.

Main Results:

  • Nearly half of MS patients screened high for OSA risk (46.8% STOP-BANG, 45.2% Berlin).
  • High prevalence of fatigue (64.5% FSS) and daytime sleepiness (38.7% ESS) was observed.
  • OSA risk significantly correlated with age, gender, disease duration, brainstem lesions, and disease-modifying therapy (DMT) use. Fatigue, sleepiness, and disability (EDSS) were significantly associated with higher OSA risk.

Conclusions:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea risk is elevated in multiple sclerosis patients.
  • Increased OSA risk is linked to greater fatigue and disability in MS.
  • Screening for OSA should be considered in MS patients to address associated symptoms and potentially improve outcomes.
Keywords:
DisabilityFatigueMultiple sclerosisOSA

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