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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Real-Time Monitoring of Neurocritical Patients with Diffuse Optical Spectroscopies
Published on: November 19, 2020
Assessing real-time signaling and agonist-induced CRHR1 internalization by optical methods
Paula A Dos Santos Claro1, Carolina Inda2, Natalia G Armando3
1Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA)-CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract:
The development of live-cell sensors for real-time measurement of signaling responses, with improved spatial and temporal resolution with respect to classical biochemical methods, has changed our understanding of cellular signaling. Examination of cAMP generation downstream activated GPCRs has shown that signaling responses can be short-lived (generated from the cell surface) or prolonged after receptor internalization. Class B secretin-like Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) is a key player in stress pathophysiology. By monitoring real-time signaling in living cells, we uncovered cell context-dependent temporal characteristics of CRHR1-elicited cAMP responses and disclosed a specific link between cAMP generation and receptor signaling from internal compartments. We describe technical aspects and elaborate the protocols for cell line expression of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors to study the dynamics of cAMP and calcium signaling responses downstream activated CRHR1, live-cell imaging and analysis, and fluorescence flow cytometry to determine receptor levels at the cell surface.
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