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Related Concept Videos

Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
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Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Language Development01:22

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Vocal Fatigue-Do Young Speech-Language Pathologists Practice What They Preach?

Bennet Elsa Joseph1, Ashna Mariya Joseph1, Theres Mariya Jacob1

  • 1Nitte Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|January 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) frequently experience vocal fatigue, impacting their careers and personal lives. Many do not adopt preventative vocal hygiene or evidence-based treatments for this common occupational hazard.

Keywords:
Effects of vocal fatigueSpeech-language pathologists (SLPs)SymptomsTreatment measuresVocal fatigue

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Occupational Health
  • Voice Science

Background:

  • Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) are professional voice users at risk of vocal fatigue.
  • Vocal loading and environmental factors contribute to vocal strain in SLPs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of vocal fatigue among SLPs.
  • To identify factors contributing to vocal fatigue in SLPs.
  • To explore the impact of vocal fatigue on SLPs' professional and personal lives and their coping strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire-based study involving 142 SLPs and 50 controls.
  • Data collection on reported vocal fatigue, contributing factors, symptoms, and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • 71.13% of SLPs reported experiencing vocal fatigue.
  • Key factors include prolonged voice use, loud speaking, throat clearing, poor hydration, and noisy environments.
  • Vocal fatigue significantly affects professional (59%) and personal (44%) lives.

Conclusions:

  • SLPs face a high risk of vocal fatigue, potentially leading to organic voice disorders if untreated.
  • Many young SLPs experiencing vocal fatigue engage in vocal abuse and lack adherence to vocal hygiene and evidence-based practices.