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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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Association Between Maternal Hyperglycemia and Composite Maternal-Birth Outcomes.

Song-Ying Shen1, Li-Fang Zhang1, Jian-Rong He1

  • 1Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|January 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Elevated blood glucose levels during pregnancy, including fasting and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), are linked to adverse maternal and birth outcomes. A composite score effectively assesses these risks, aiding in population-level glucose control strategies.

Keywords:
birth weightcesarean sectioncomposite outcomeduration of pregnancyhyperglycemiapreeclampsiapregnancystillbirth

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Maternal hyperglycemia's impact on maternal and birth outcomes is underestimated.
  • Quantifying the population-level burden of hyperglycemia during pregnancy is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between blood glucose concentration during pregnancy and adverse maternal-birth outcomes.
  • To develop and apply a composite score for assessing these outcomes in a large Chinese cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study including 12,129 pregnant women from the "Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study."
  • Standard 75-g oral-glucose-tolerance-test (OGTT) performed between 22-28 gestational weeks.
  • Composite score developed for stillbirth, pregnancy duration, birth weight, preeclampsia, and cesarean section, weighted by outcome severity.

Main Results:

  • Elevated fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour glucose levels were associated with a higher composite score.
  • A 1-SD increase in fasting glucose correlated with a 13-15% increased risk of adverse outcomes (composite score 1-<3 and ≥3).
  • Similar associations were observed for 1 and 2-hour glucose measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated glucose levels during pregnancy are significantly associated with a spectrum of adverse maternal-birth outcomes.
  • The developed composite score model is valuable for individual risk assessment and evaluating population-level glucose control benefits.