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Modeling Inflammation in Autism Spectrum Disorders Using Stem Cells

Beatriz C Freitas1, Arianna Mei2, Ana Paula D Mendes2

  • 1Laboratory of Disease Modeling, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|January 9, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) incidence is rising. This review explores how neuroinflammation contributes to ASD and examines stem cell models for potential therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) incidence is increasing, affecting 1 in 59 children in North America.
  • Neuroinflammation and immune system dysfunction are linked to ASD development.
  • Multiple cell types are involved in triggering and sustaining these inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the contribution of neuroinflammation to autistic features.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic strategies for ASD.
  • To highlight stem cell modeling as a tool for studying neuroinflammation in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on neuroinflammation and ASD.
  • Emphasis on induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology for disease modeling.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways and cell types involved in neuroinflammation.

Main Results:

  • Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the development of ASD.
  • Stem cell models provide a platform to study complex polygenic disorders like ASD.
  • Various cell types and molecular pathways contribute to neuroinflammation in ASD.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding neuroinflammation is crucial for developing effective ASD therapies.
  • iPSC technology offers a promising avenue for investigating ASD mechanisms.
  • Targeting neuroinflammation presents a potential therapeutic approach for ASD.

Keywords:
autism spectrum disorder (ASD)disease modelinginduced pluripotent stem (iPS) cellsneurodevelopmental disordersneuroinflammation

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