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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Magnesium-Sodium Hybrid Battery With High Voltage, Capacity and Cyclability.

Ruigang Zhang1, Oscar Tutusaus1, Rana Mohtadi1

  • 1Materials Research Department, Toyota Research Institute of North America, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|January 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Rechargeable magnesium batteries show promise as a Li-ion alternative. A novel Mg-Na hybrid battery design using a NaCrO2 cathode achieves 183 Wh kg-1 energy density, with potential for higher performance.

Keywords:
MgMg-Na batteryNaCrO2energy densityhybrid batterypost Li-ion battery

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Rechargeable magnesium batteries are a potential alternative to lithium-ion technology.
  • Current limitations include the lack of high-energy density and sustainable cathode materials.
  • Hybrid battery concepts coupling magnesium anodes with secondary ion cathodes are gaining attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe principles for constructing high-performance Mg-Na hybrid batteries.
  • To demonstrate a Mg-NaCrO2 hybrid battery utilizing a metal Mg anode and NaCrO2 cathode.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing energy density and sustainability.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a Mg-NaCrO2 hybrid battery with a dual-salt electrolyte (Mg-APC and NaCB11H12).
  • Electrochemical cycling and performance evaluation of the Mg-NaCrO2 cell.
  • Investigation of using solid MgCl2 as an additional magnesium reservoir.

Main Results:

  • The Mg-NaCrO2 cell achieved an energy density of 183 Wh kg-1 at an average voltage of 2.3 V over 50 cycles.
  • Reducing electrolyte amount by using solid MgCl2 maintained comparable electrochemical performance.
  • A hypothetical MgCl2-NaCrO2 hybrid battery is proposed with an estimated energy density of 215 Wh kg-1.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Mg-Na hybrid battery design principles enable high-performance energy storage.
  • The Mg-NaCrO2 system demonstrates a viable pathway for advanced magnesium-based batteries.
  • Further optimization, including the use of solid magnesium reservoirs, can lead to significantly improved energy densities.