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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Method to Produce Durable Pellets at Lower Energy Consumption Using High Moisture Corn Stover and a Corn Starch Binder in a Flat Die Pellet Mill
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Ensiled Wet Storage Accelerates Pretreatment for Bioconversion of Corn Stover.

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  • 1Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|January 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Organic acids from ensiled corn stover aid pretreatment and do not inhibit downstream ethanol fermentation. This process can improve biofuel yields and reduce pretreatment costs for biorefineries.

Keywords:
acetic acidbiofuelbiomassensilagefermentationinhibitorspretreatmentwet storage

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass conversion and biofuel production
  • Biochemical engineering
  • Sustainable energy research

Background:

  • Organic acids are produced during ensiled wet storage, aiding biomass preservation and mild in-situ pretreatment.
  • Concerns exist regarding potential negative impacts of these organic acids on downstream microbial fermentation and biofuel productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction of organic acids from ensiled corn stover with pretreatment processes.
  • To assess the potential interference of these organic acids with downstream ethanol fermentation.
  • To evaluate the overall impact on biofuel yield and pretreatment costs.

Main Methods:

  • Corn stover silage was stored for 220 days at 23°C or 37°C.
  • Organic acid levels and their transformation during pretreatment were analyzed.
  • Xylan and glucan removal and inhibitor formation were measured.
  • Ethanol fermentation was conducted using ensiled and unensiled corn stover.

Main Results:

  • Organic acids generally did not impede downstream processes and showed beneficial effects.
  • Organic acid levels remained below inhibitory concentrations (≤ 6 g/L).
  • Ensiled corn stover required less pretreatment time (10 min) compared to unensiled stover (15 min) for optimal sugar release.
  • Different organic acid profiles from varying moisture levels (35-65%) had similar impacts on ethanol fermentation.

Conclusions:

  • Organic acids produced during ensiled corn stover storage do not negatively affect downstream ethanol fermentation.
  • Ensiled corn stover offers advantages in pretreatment efficiency and cost reduction for biorefineries.
  • Biorefineries can achieve comparable or improved biofuel yields using ensiled corn stover feedstock.