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Related Concept Videos

The Cardiac Cycle01:13

The Cardiac Cycle

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The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and...
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The cardiac cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur in the heart from the beginning of one heartbeat to the next. It's characterized by alternating periods of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart muscles.
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The cardiac cycle describes the events from one heartbeat to the next. It includes three main phases: diastole, atrial systole, and ventricular systole, all driven by changes in chamber pressures and the function of heart valves.
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The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
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Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
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Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
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Related Experiment Video

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Continuous Noninvasive Measuring of Crayfish Cardiac and Behavioral Activities
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Active information sampling varies across the cardiac cycle.

Stella Kunzendorf1,2,3, Felix Klotzsche2,3, Mert Akbal2,3

  • 1Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Psychophysiology
|January 9, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Humans actively sample visual information during preferred cardiac phases, with picture onsets increasing during systole. This study explores the heartbeat

Keywords:
cardiovascularemotioninteroceptionmemorysensation/perceptionyoung adults

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Perception and cognition are influenced by dynamic bodily states.
  • Previous research indicates visual processing varies with cardiac phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the heartbeat in active information sampling.
  • To determine if individuals implicitly time environmental interactions with cardiac cycles.

Main Methods:

  • A visual memory experiment where participants self-paced picture presentation.
  • Electrocardiograms recorded participants' heartbeats.
  • Analysis of self-initiated picture onsets relative to the cardiac cycle.

Main Results:

  • Self-initiated picture onsets were not random but varied across the cardiac cycle.
  • Picture onsets showed a significant increase during cardiac systole (heartbeat contraction).
  • Memory performance was unaffected by the cardiac phase at picture onset.

Conclusions:

  • Active information sampling integrates internal, heart-related signals.
  • This finding extends knowledge on body-brain interactions influencing behavior.
  • Humans may implicitly align information intake with physiological rhythms.