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Superoxide Dismutase response: physiological plasticity in tobacco users.
Reema Raina1, Ankita Tandon2, Akanksha Banga1
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, I.T.S. Center for Dental Studies and Research, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad, India.
Minerva Stomatologica
|January 9, 2019
Summary
Tobacco use significantly lowers erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase (E-SOD) levels, especially in chewers. This enzyme activity may serve as an early biomarker for oral potentially malignant disorders.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oncology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Free radicals (FRs) contribute to precancerous lesions and cancer in tobacco users.
- Antioxidant enzyme activity in erythrocytes is sensitive to alterations from tobacco consumption.
- Erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase (E-SOD) plays a crucial role in cellular defense.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of tobacco consumption on E-SOD activity.
- To evaluate the defensive role of E-SOD in tobacco users.
- To explore E-SOD as a potential biomarker for oral potentially malignant disorders.
Main Methods:
- E-SOD levels were measured in 32 participants (tobacco users and controls).
- Venous blood samples were analyzed for antioxidant levels using the RANSOD kit.
- Spectrophotometry was employed to determine E-SOD activity, followed by statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- Mean E-SOD values were significantly lower in tobacco users (139.72±36.94) compared to controls (212.75±37.04).
- The lowest E-SOD levels were observed in tobacco chewers.
- Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in E-SOD activity between smokers and controls (P<0.0001).
Conclusions:
- E-SOD levels are markedly reduced in tobacco chewers, likely due to increased activity against carcinogens.
- E-SOD variability suggests its potential as an early biomarker for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs).
- E-SOD assessment could aid in detecting lesion progression towards malignancy.
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