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ER stress contributes to high-fat diet-induced decrease of thyroglobulin and hypothyroidism.

Xiaohan Zhang1,2,3, Shanshan Shao1,2,3, Lifang Zhao1,2,3

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Shandong , China.

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
|January 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Excess lipids from a high-fat diet cause hypothyroidism by triggering endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, impairing thyroglobulin production. Alleviating ER stress restores thyroid function, offering insights into diet-induced thyroid dysfunction.

Keywords:
endoplasmic reticulum stresshigh-fat diethypothyroidismthyroglobulinthyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Emerging evidence links excess lipid uptake to hypothyroidism.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms underlying this connection remain largely unelucidated.
  • Understanding diet-induced thyroid dysfunction is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on thyroid function.
  • To elucidate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in HFD-induced hypothyroidism.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting ER stress.

Main Methods:

  • Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a HFD or control diet for 18 weeks.
  • Thyroid function, thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, and ER morphology were assessed.
  • Palmitate-treated thyrocytes and 4-phenyl butyric acid were used to study ER stress mechanisms and interventions.

Main Results:

  • HFD induced hypothyroidism with decreased Tg levels and ER stress in rat thyroid glands.
  • ER swelling and increased Tg degradation were observed in HFD-induced conditions.
  • Alleviating ER stress with 4-phenyl butyric acid improved thyroid function and Tg levels.

Conclusions:

  • Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a key mediator in high-fat diet-induced hypothyroidism.
  • ER stress likely impairs thyroglobulin (Tg) production, leading to thyroid dysfunction.
  • Targeting ER stress offers a potential therapeutic approach for diet-related hypothyroidism.