Mycetoma: a contemporary concept

Mycetoma is a localized noncontagious infection that involves cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and bone. The disease is caused by either aerobic actinomycetes or fungi that are normally associated with soil and plant material. In the past, actinomycosis, botryomycosis, fungus balls, and some forms of Majocchi's granuloma trichophyticum have been confused with mycetoma. Antimicrobic chemotherapy and surgery are management approaches used to resolve this disease.