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Gender-Related Electrocardiographic Changes in Athletes
O M Corîci1, O Mirea-Munteanu2, I Donoiu2
1Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania.
Current Health Sciences Journal
|January 10, 2019
Summary
Gender influences electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns in athletes. Male athletes showed higher left ventricular hypertrophy criteria and sinus bradycardia, while females had faster heart rates and longer QTc intervals, impacting cardiovascular screening.
Area of Science:
- Sports Cardiology
- Exercise Physiology
- Cardiovascular Screening
Background:
- Athletes exhibit unique electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns due to physiological adaptations from training.
- Understanding gender-specific ECG variations is crucial for accurate interpretation during cardiovascular screening.
- Previous research has not fully elucidated the distinct ECG profiles between male and female athletes.
Observation:
- This observational cross-sectional study analyzed 12-lead ECGs from 315 trained athletes (150 males, 165 females).
- Participants underwent clinical examination and ECG interpretation using 2017 International recommendations.
- Data were analyzed to identify statistically significant differences in ECG parameters between genders.
Findings:
- Male athletes were older and had more training years compared to females.
- Females exhibited higher resting heart rates and QTc intervals.
- Males showed increased prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy criteria (Sokolow-Lyon index) and longer QRS duration, alongside more sinus bradycardia; females presented with more frequent sinus arrhythmia.
Implications:
- Recognizing gender-specific ECG findings is essential for precise cardiovascular risk assessment in athletes.
- These differences necessitate tailored interpretation guidelines for ECGs in male and female athletes.
- Incorporating these findings can enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of pre-participation cardiovascular screening programs.
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