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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
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Perioperative pulmonary embolism.

Sang Tae Kim1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea. kimst@chungbuk.ac.kr.

Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
|January 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), a serious perioperative risk, is often indicated by deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Prompt diagnosis and management, including anticoagulation and prophylaxis, are crucial for reducing patient mortality.

Keywords:
AnticoagulationDeep vein thrombosisPulmonary thromboembolism

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a significant perioperative complication.
  • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) often indicates the presence of PTE.
  • Clinical presentation involves hemodynamic and gas exchange abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for perioperative PTE.
  • To emphasize the role of anesthesiologists in managing PTE and DVT prophylaxis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic tools: ventilation/perfusion scan, pulmonary angiography, spiral CT, echocardiography.
  • Overview of therapeutic options: hemodynamic support, anticoagulation, thrombolysis, embolectomy, vena cava filter.
  • Emphasis on DVT prophylaxis in high-risk surgical patients.

Main Results:

  • Early detection of DVT aids in PTE diagnosis.
  • Multiple diagnostic modalities are available for PTE.
  • Various treatments exist, ranging from anticoagulation to surgical intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of PTE are essential to minimize mortality.
  • Anesthesiologists play a key role in perioperative DVT prophylaxis and anticoagulant management.
  • Optimizing anesthetic choices is vital for patients with or at risk of PTE.