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A New Molecular Taxonomy to Predict Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Sensitivity in Prostate Cancer

Emmanuel S Antonarakis1

  • 1Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA eantona1@jhmi.edu.

The Oncologist
|January 11, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Immune checkpoint inhibitors show promise for advanced prostate cancer, though not yet approved. A case study of DNA mismatch repair-deficient prostate cancer responding to pembrolizumab highlights potential treatment avenues.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Advanced prostate cancer lacks approved immune checkpoint therapies.
  • DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) is a potential biomarker for immunotherapy response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss challenges in approving immune checkpoint agents for advanced prostate cancer.
  • To highlight a case of dMMR castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) responding to pembrolizumab.

Main Methods:

  • Review of challenges in immune checkpoint therapy for prostate cancer.
  • Case report analysis of a patient with dMMR CRPC treated with pembrolizumab.

Main Results:

  • A patient with dMMR CRPC demonstrated a positive response to single-agent pembrolizumab.
  • This response suggests potential efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in a subset of prostate cancer patients.

Conclusions:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors may offer a viable treatment option for specific advanced prostate cancer cases, particularly those with dMMR.
  • Further research is warranted to overcome challenges and establish the role of these agents in prostate cancer treatment.

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