Magnesium supplementation improves diabetic mitochondrial and cardiac diastolic function

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Endocrinology
• Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart failure often coexist with hypomagnesemia.
• DM is independently associated with cardiac diastolic dysfunction (DD).
• Magnesium (Mg) supplementation has shown benefits for cardiac function and insulin resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effect of Mg supplementation on cardiac diastolic function in a mouse model of DM.
• To explore the underlying mechanisms of Mg's impact on cardiac mitochondria.

Main Methods:

• High-fat diet-induced diabetes model in mice.
• Echocardiography to assess cardiac structure and function (E/e' ratio, LVEDV, PWTd).
• Mitochondrial function assessment (ATP production, ROS, membrane potential, Ca2+ overload) in isolated cardiomyocytes.
• Dietary Mg administration and plasma Mg level measurement.

Main Results:

• Diabetic mice exhibited cardiac DD, hypertrophy, and hypomagnesemia.
• DM mice showed impaired mitochondrial function, including decreased ATP, increased ROS, and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload.
• Mg supplementation normalized plasma Mg, improved cardiac function, and restored mitochondrial health.

Conclusions:

• Mg supplementation effectively prevents and improves cardiac diastolic dysfunction in DM.
• Mg enhances mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress in diabetic hearts.
• Mg may be a valuable therapeutic strategy for diabetic cardiovascular complications.