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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Extraction and Characterization of Surfactants from Atmospheric Aerosols
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Extraction and Characterization of Surfactants from Atmospheric Aerosols

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Polymer Lung Surfactants.

Hyun Chang Kim1, Madathilparambil V Suresh2, Vikas V Singh2

  • 1Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States.

ACS Applied Bio Materials
|January 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic polymer nanomicelles offer a novel, safe, and effective alternative to animal-derived lung surfactants for treating respiratory distress syndrome in infants and adults.

Keywords:
acute respiratory distress syndromeblock copolymer micellelung surfactantneonatal respiratory distress syndromepulmonary surfactant

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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ARDS
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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Animal-derived lung surfactants save thousands of infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) annually.
  • Existing treatments for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have limitations and require modification.
  • There has been limited improvement in lung surfactant therapeutics since the 1990s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations of current lung surfactants by exploring synthetic polymer-based alternatives.
  • To identify and evaluate a novel polymer-based lung surfactant candidate for treating respiratory distress.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of synthetic polymers as active ingredients in lung surfactants.
  • Identification and characterization of poly(styrene-b-ethylene glycol) (PS-PEG) polymer nanomicelles.
  • Assessment of PS-PEG micelle properties, including surface tension and hydration, using NMR.
  • Evaluation of PS-PEG lung surfactant efficacy and safety in mouse models of acid aspiration.

Main Results:

  • PS-PEG polymer nanomicelles demonstrate a strong affinity for the air-water interface, producing extremely low surface tension under high compression.
  • NMR measurements indicate that PS-PEG micelles are less hydrated compared to conventional polymer micelles.
  • Studies in mouse models confirmed the safety and efficacy of PS-PEG lung surfactant.

Conclusions:

  • Poly(styrene-b-ethylene glycol) (PS-PEG) polymer nanomicelles represent a promising synthetic alternative to animal-derived lung surfactants.
  • This novel polymer-based lung surfactant is safe and effective for treating respiratory distress conditions.
  • Further development of PS-PEG nanomicelles could significantly benefit patients with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome.