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Related Concept Videos

Resistivity01:22

Resistivity

4.5K
When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
4.5K
Resistance01:19

Resistance

6.0K
When a current moves through any conductor, the conductor causes some level of difficulty for the current to flow. The measure of that difficulty is known as the resistance of the material and is represented by R. Every material has its own resistance. In the case of conductors, heat is emitted whenever a current passes through them. Resistance depends on the resistivity of the material. Resistivity is a characteristic of the material used to fabricate electrical components, whereas the...
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Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

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The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

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Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
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Equivalent Resistance01:16

Equivalent Resistance

977
In circuit analysis, situations often arise where resistors are neither in series nor parallel configurations. To tackle such scenarios, three-terminal equivalent networks like the wye (Y) (Figure 1 (a)) or tee (T) and delta (Δ) (Figure 1 (b)) or pi (π) networks come into play. These networks offer versatile solutions and are frequently encountered in various applications, including three-phase electrical systems, electrical filters, and matching networks.
977
Resistance and Conductance01:25

Resistance and Conductance

510
A conductor's DC resistance at a given temperature is influenced by its resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area. Resistivity is an inherent property of the conductor material, with annealed copper serving as the international standard for measurement. For instance, the resistivity of hard-drawn aluminum at 20 degrees Celsius is 61% of the standard conductivity of annealed copper.
Various factors impact the resistance of a conductor. Spiraling in stranded conductors increases their...
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Author Spotlight: Metallic Nanocomposites to Eliminate Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
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Resistive room temperature LPG sensor based on a graphene/CdO nanocomposite.

Solleti Goutham1, Naradala Jayarambabu1, Chinta Sandeep2

  • 1Nano Electronics Laboratory, Centre for Nano Science and Technology, JNT University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Telangana, 500085, India.

Mikrochimica Acta
|January 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a highly sensitive, room temperature, flexible transparent sensor for liquid petroleum gas (LPG) using a cadmium oxide/graphene nanocomposite. The novel sensor demonstrates excellent selectivity and stability for detecting low LPG concentrations.

Keywords:
CdOFlexibleGas sensorGrapheneLiquefied petroleum gas

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Graphene-based nanocomposites offer enhanced surface area and conductivity for gas sensing applications.
  • Cadmium oxide (CdO) is a promising semiconductor for gas sensors, but its performance can be limited by nanoparticle aggregation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an ultra-sensitive, room temperature, flexible, and transparent gas sensor for liquid petroleum gas (LPG).
  • To investigate the gas sensing properties of a cadmium oxide/graphene (CdO/graphene) nanocomposite.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a CdO/graphene nanocomposite with uniform CdO nanoparticle decoration on graphene.
  • Deposition of the composite film on interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) for chemiresistive sensing.
  • Utilizing a four-probe technique for electrical resistance measurements at a constant bias voltage of 0.5 V.

Main Results:

  • The CdO/graphene nanocomposite exhibited a significant decrease in resistivity upon exposure to LPG.
  • The sensor demonstrated high sensitivity (600 ppm of LPG) at room temperature (27 °C).
  • The material showed excellent selectivity, stability, and sensitivity to low LPG concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • The CdO/graphene nanocomposite is a highly effective material for developing ultra-sensitive, room temperature, flexible, and transparent LPG sensors.
  • The synergistic effect of graphene and CdO enhances gas sensing performance, preventing aggregation and increasing surface area.
  • This technology holds potential for advanced gas detection systems operating under ambient conditions.