Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

147.9K
The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a...
147.9K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

977
Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...
977
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

17.7K
Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
17.7K
Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

198.3K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
198.3K
Secondary Active Transport01:55

Secondary Active Transport

137.8K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
137.8K
Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

7.0K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
7.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Congratulations, JNC Turns 70!

Journal of neurochemistry·2026
Same author

Editorial: Glial cells: mere passive contributors to brain function?

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience·2024
Same author

Compromised Myelin and Axonal Molecular Organization Following Adult-Onset Sulfatide Depletion.

Biomedicines·2023
Same author

Lysophosphatidic acid signaling via LPA<sub>6</sub> : A negative modulator of developmental oligodendrocyte maturation.

Journal of neurochemistry·2022
Same author

Elucidating the binding mechanism of LPA species and analogs in an LPA<sub>4</sub> receptor homology model.

Journal of molecular graphics & modelling·2022
Same author

Deletion of the Sodium-Dependent Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 in Maturing Oligodendrocytes Attenuates Myelination of Callosal Axons During a Postnatal Phase of Central Nervous System Development.

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Deriving the Time Course of Glutamate Clearance with a Deconvolution Analysis of Astrocytic Transporter Currents
09:42

Deriving the Time Course of Glutamate Clearance with a Deconvolution Analysis of Astrocytic Transporter Currents

Published on: August 7, 2013

10.8K

Glutamate Transporters: Expression and Function in Oligodendrocytes.

Edna Suárez-Pozos1, Elizabeth J Thomason1, Babette Fuss2

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.

Neurochemical Research
|January 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) in oligodendrocytes regulate brain glutamate levels and myelination. Dysregulation of these EAATs may contribute to neurological diseases.

Keywords:
GlutamateGlutamate transporterMultiple sclerosisMyelinationNeuropsychiatric disordersOligodendrocyte

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Membrane Protein Reconstitution in Synthetic Cells
07:14

Author Spotlight: Membrane Protein Reconstitution in Synthetic Cells

Published on: March 8, 2024

1.7K
Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments
09:05

Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments

Published on: February 9, 2020

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Deriving the Time Course of Glutamate Clearance with a Deconvolution Analysis of Astrocytic Transporter Currents
09:42

Deriving the Time Course of Glutamate Clearance with a Deconvolution Analysis of Astrocytic Transporter Currents

Published on: August 7, 2013

10.8K
Author Spotlight: Membrane Protein Reconstitution in Synthetic Cells
07:14

Author Spotlight: Membrane Protein Reconstitution in Synthetic Cells

Published on: March 8, 2024

1.7K
Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments
09:05

Generation of Oligodendrocytes and Oligodendrocyte-Conditioned Medium for Co-Culture Experiments

Published on: February 9, 2020

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Glutamate is a key excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), regulating plasticity and neurodevelopment.
  • Homeostasis of extracellular glutamate is crucial; its dysregulation is linked to various CNS pathologies.
  • Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) control glutamate levels, primarily known for astrocytic and neuronal functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expression and functions of EAATs in oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS.
  • To explore the roles of oligodendrocyte EAATs in glutamate homeostasis and oligodendrocyte maturation.
  • To investigate the potential signaling functions of EAATs in oligodendrocytes, beyond glutamate clearance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on EAAT expression and function in oligodendrocytes.
  • Analysis of existing research on glutamate transport and signaling in the CNS.
  • Synthesis of evidence linking oligodendrocyte EAATs to myelination and disease pathophysiology.

Main Results:

  • EAATs are expressed in oligodendrocytes, suggesting roles beyond traditional glutamate clearance.
  • Oligodendrocyte EAATs may influence oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination processes.
  • Evidence suggests EAATs in oligodendrocytes can exert signaling functions similar to glutamate receptors.

Conclusions:

  • Oligodendrocyte-expressed EAATs play significant roles in CNS glutamate homeostasis and myelination.
  • Dysregulation of these EAATs is implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders.
  • Further research into oligodendrocyte EAATs could reveal novel therapeutic targets for CNS diseases.