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Environmental enteric dysfunction and growth.

Mauro Batista de Morais1, Giselia Alves Pontes da Silva2

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Disciplina de Gastroenterologia Pediátrica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

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|January 11, 2019
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Summary

Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) impacts child growth and development. Early intervention is crucial for optimal growth, vaccine response, and preventing future obesity.

Keywords:
AmbientalDesnutrição, crescimentoDisfunçãoDysfunctionEntericEnteropathyEnteropatiaEntéricaEnvironmentalMalnutrition, growth

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Environmental Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is linked to impaired child growth.
  • New markers for EED are under investigation, but optimal diagnostic tests are not yet established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current indicators of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED).
  • To explore the association between EED and linear growth deficit.
  • To examine EED's impact on the height-for-age anthropometric indicator.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of articles from PubMed and Scopus databases.
  • Keywords included: environmental, enteric, dysfunction, enteropathy, and growth.
  • Included authors' personal records.

Main Results:

  • EED involves intestinal abnormalities, increased permeability, and systemic inflammation.
  • Bacterial overgrowth and altered fecal microbiota are identified in EED.
  • EED impairs growth, neuropsychomotor development, and vaccine response; it also increases adult obesity risk (triple burden).

Conclusions:

  • Controlling environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is vital for children's growth.
  • EED management is essential for development and vaccine efficacy.
  • Addressing EED supports full potential in pediatric populations.