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Related Concept Videos

Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
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Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Aging01:26

Aging

698
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

3.8K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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Describing language assessments for school-aged children: A Delphi study.

Deborah Denman1, Jae-Hyun Kim1,2, Natalie Munro3

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.

International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
|January 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A new taxonomy was developed to standardize terminology for child language assessments in Speech-Language Pathology (SLP). This framework aims to improve clarity and consistency in describing language assessment practices.

Keywords:
Delphi studyassessmentdevelopmental language disorderlanguage impairmentterminology

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Speech and Hearing Sciences
  • Pediatric Healthcare

Background:

  • Inconsistent terminology in Speech-Language Pathology (SLP) creates barriers to effective communication and practice.
  • Standardized language assessment descriptions are crucial for children's language development research and clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an agreed-upon taxonomy for describing language assessment practices in children.
  • To establish well-defined categories for modality/domain, purpose, delivery, and form of language assessments.

Main Methods:

  • A taxonomy was developed based on contemporary literature.
  • A three-round Delphi study involving Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) with expertise in child language was conducted.
  • Participants provided feedback, indicated agreement levels, and applied the taxonomy to case studies.

Main Results:

  • Consensus on the taxonomy was achieved in the first two rounds (≥88% agreement).
  • 100% agreement was reached on the overall structure of the taxonomy.
  • In the third round, agreement varied when applying the taxonomy to case studies (4/10 to 7/10 components).

Conclusions:

  • The developed taxonomy is a significant advancement in providing standardized terminology for language assessments.
  • Further research is required to explore implementation strategies for consistent SLP application of the taxonomy.