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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

332
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

963
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
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Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

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Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
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Author Spotlight: Investigating HR-Dependent Cardiac Function in Mouse Models Through a Novel Atrial-Pacing Approach
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Biomarker developments in heart failure: 2016 and beyond.

Nicholas Wettersten1, Alan S Maisel

  • 1Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

Current Opinion in Cardiology
|January 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advancements highlight the prognostic value of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and high-sensitivity troponin in heart failure management. These biomarkers, alongside natriuretic peptides, are crucial for patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Biomarkers are essential for managing heart failure (HF).
  • Continuous evaluation of existing and novel biomarkers provides new clinical insights.
  • Significant progress in HF biomarker research has occurred since 2016.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review major developments in heart failure biomarkers since 2016.
  • To highlight key biomarkers poised for integration into standard HF clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies published since 2016.
  • Analysis of recent findings on established and emerging HF biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (SST2) demonstrates strong prognostic utility in acute and chronic HF, with serial monitoring benefits.
  • High-sensitivity troponin (hs-cTn) emerges as a potent prognostic biomarker and potential screening tool for HF risk.
  • Natriuretic peptides remain vital prognosticators, showing potential in identifying specific patient populations for targeted therapies and predicting outcomes in other diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The evidence supporting soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and high-sensitivity troponin in HF management has substantially increased since 2016.
  • These biomarkers, in addition to natriuretic peptides, warrant incorporation into routine clinical practice for HF patients.