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Related Experiment Videos

Methods for detecting recombinant DNA in the environment.

R K Jain1, R S Burlage, G S Sayler

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Monitoring genetically modified microorganisms in the environment requires accurate detection methods. Molecular techniques like DNA:DNA hybridization show promise for tracking specific genes and organisms, complementing traditional approaches.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Assessing the environmental fate of genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs) is crucial.
  • Existing methods for detecting GMMs and their genes have limitations in specificity and applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate current and novel methods for detecting and monitoring GMMs and recombinant genes in environmental settings.
  • To highlight the significance of accurate quantification for risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Conventional microbiological techniques (e.g., selective growth, most-probable-number) and direct microscopic observation.
  • Immunofluorescence for direct enumeration.
  • Molecular methodologies including gene probes, plasmid epidemiology, and DNA:DNA hybridization.

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  • Emerging approaches using biochemical markers and gene cassettes.

    • Main Results:

    • Conventional methods lack specificity and universal applicability.
    • Immunofluorescence offers improved sensitivity but is not perfect.
    • Molecular techniques, particularly DNA:DNA hybridization, are highly sensitive and accurate for environmental detection.
    • DNA:DNA hybridization requires further refinement for optimal use.

    Conclusions:

    • Molecular methods are increasingly important for monitoring GMMs and their genes in the environment.
    • DNA:DNA hybridization is a valuable tool, but improvements are needed.
    • Future strategies may involve combining conventional, molecular, and novel biochemical approaches for comprehensive environmental monitoring.