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César Parra-Rojas1, Veronika von Messling2, Esteban A Hernandez-Vargas3

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|January 13, 2019
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Adjuvanted influenza vaccines, especially those with squalene, enhance antibody responses and immunity. Mathematical models show these vaccines boost NA protein targeting and sustain antibody titers effectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Adjuvanted influenza vaccines are crucial for vulnerable populations and antigen-sparing.
  • Squalene adjuvants are known to enhance antibody responses and cross-reactive immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model antibody production dynamics in response to adjuvanted influenza vaccines.
  • To investigate the impact of different adjuvants on protein-specific and overall antibody responses.

Main Methods:

  • Development and parameterization of mathematical models for antibody production.
  • Utilizing ferret immunization data with H1N1pdm09 vaccine (alone and adjuvanted).

Main Results:

  • Models recapitulated key dynamics of antibody response, despite simplified affinity maturation.
  • Adjuvanted vaccines showed enhanced production of NA protein-targeting antibodies.
  • Squalene-containing adjuvants induced a protein-independent boost >10x larger than non-adjuvanted formulations.

Conclusions:

  • Adjuvanted influenza vaccines, particularly with squalene, offer a significant boost in antibody response.
  • Squalene-based adjuvants promote sustained antibody titers, irrespective of immunization interval.
  • Mathematical modeling provides insights into vaccine-induced immune dynamics.