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Antiproliferative Effect of Amaranth Proteins and Peptides on HT-29 Human Colon Tumor Cell Line

Ana Clara Sabbione1, Fredrick Onyango Ogutu2, Adriana Scilingo1

  • 1Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos (CIDCA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas-UNLP, CONICET, CIC, Calle 47 y 116 - 1900, La Plata, Argentina.

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
|January 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Amaranth peptides, released after digestion, show significant antiproliferative effects on human colon cancer cells (HT-29). These peptides induce apoptosis and necrosis, suggesting potential use in functional foods.

Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Amaranth protein isolate (API) and its derived peptides (DGS) are explored for health benefits.
  • Colon cancer remains a significant health concern, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antiproliferative effects of amaranth protein isolate and its digested peptides on the human colon cancer cell line HT-29.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the antiproliferative activity, including apoptosis and necrosis induction.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro study using HT-29 cells treated with API and DGS.
  • Assays included proliferation inhibition, lactate dehydrogenase release, DAPI staining, Annexin V-FITC flow cytometry, and caspase-3 activity.
  • Simulated gastrointestinal digestion was performed to obtain DGS.

Main Results:

  • Both API and DGS exhibited antiproliferative effects on HT-29 cells, with DGS showing higher potency (IC50: 0.30 mg/mL vs 1.35 mg/mL for API).
  • Lactate dehydrogenase assay and DAPI staining indicated cell membrane damage, lysis, and apoptosis.
  • Annexin V-FITC and caspase-3 assays confirmed significant induction of early and late apoptosis/necrosis.

Conclusions:

  • Amaranth peptides, particularly those released after simulated gastrointestinal digestion, possess significant antiproliferative activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells.
  • The observed effects are mediated through the induction of apoptosis and necrosis.
  • Amaranth proteins and their peptides represent a promising ingredient for developing functional foods with potential anti-cancer properties.
Keywords:
Amaranth proteins and peptidesAntiproliferative effectApoptosis and necrosisHT-29 colon cancer cells

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