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Imaging in myopia: potential biomarkers, current challenges and future developments.

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High myopia is increasing globally, necessitating advanced eye imaging for early detection and management of sight-threatening complications. This review covers current and future imaging techniques for myopic eyes.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Myopia Research

Background:

  • Myopia prevalence is rising globally, particularly in Asia.
  • High myopia can lead to severe visual impairment due to complications.
  • Accurate imaging is crucial for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating myopic eye conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging imaging modalities for the myopic eye.
  • To discuss the clinical applications, challenges, and future directions in myopia imaging.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for myopia progression and complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current anterior and posterior segment imaging techniques for myopic eyes.
  • Discussion of optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, and multimodal imaging.
  • Exploration of potential biomarkers and future imaging technologies like photoacoustic imaging.

Main Results:

  • Various imaging techniques like OCT and OCT angiography can detect early myopic pathologies and complications.
  • Multimodal imaging is essential for monitoring treatment efficacy.
  • Understanding imaging limitations is key for accurate interpretation and clinical decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate imaging of the myopic eye is vital for managing sight-threatening complications.
  • Ongoing technological advancements promise improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Future developments in myopia imaging may lead to novel myopia control treatments.