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The hypoxic kidney: pathogenesis and noncoding RNA-based therapeutic strategies
George Haddad1, Malte Kölling1, Johan M Lorenzen1
1Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
Swiss Medical Weekly
|January 14, 2019
Summary
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition with high mortality. This review explores noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) like microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) as potential biomarkers and therapeutics for ischemic AKI.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects ~6% of ICU patients, with mortality exceeding 60%.
- Common causes include sepsis, nephrotoxicity, major surgery, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
- Current AKI diagnosis relies on creatinine and urine output, necessitating novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in ischemic AKI.
- To discuss the potential of these noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) as biomarkers for AKI.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of ncRNAs in managing AKI.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies on ncRNAs in ischemic AKI.
- Analysis of data from animal models and human patients.
- Evaluation of existing research on microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in AKI pathophysiology.
Main Results:
- MicroRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs play significant roles in the pathophysiology of ischemic AKI.
- These ncRNAs show promise as sensitive and specific biomarkers for AKI diagnosis and prognosis.
- Emerging evidence suggests ncRNAs could be targeted for novel therapeutic interventions in AKI.
Conclusions:
- Noncoding RNAs represent a promising frontier in understanding and treating ischemic AKI.
- Further research into lncRNAs and circRNAs is crucial, complementing existing microRNA studies.
- Targeting ncRNAs may offer a paradigm shift in AKI management, improving patient outcomes.
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