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Stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity: An update

Parveen Sen1, Smriti Jain1, Pramod Bhende1

  • 1Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Taiwan Journal of Ophthalmology
|January 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Stage 5 Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a severe form of preventable childhood blindness requiring complex surgery. Early detection and treatment are crucial, as surgical outcomes for advanced ROP are often limited.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness.
  • Many infants present with advanced, blinding Stage 5 ROP due to lack of awareness, particularly in developing nations.
  • Stage 5 ROP involves total retinal detachment, necessitating complex surgical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Stage 5 Retinopathy of Prematurity.
  • To discuss the pathogenesis, clinical aspects, surgical interventions, and outcomes of advanced ROP.
  • To highlight the need for improved screening, treatment guidelines, and parental education.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Stage 5 Retinopathy of Prematurity.
  • Analysis of surgical techniques and their anatomical and visual outcomes.
  • Discussion of potential genetic predispositions and emerging pharmacological adjuncts.

Main Results:

  • Surgical success rates for anatomical outcomes in Stage 5 ROP range from 20%-50%.
  • Visual outcomes after successful surgery are often slow to develop and remain limited.
  • Newer pharmacological treatments show promise in managing ROP.

Conclusions:

  • Effective screening and treatment guidelines involving pediatricians and ophthalmologists are essential to prevent ROP-related blindness.
  • Surgical management for Stage 5 ROP has limited success rates, and parents must be informed about potential visual benefits and follow-up needs.
  • Further research into genetic factors and novel therapies is warranted for improved ROP management.

Keywords:
Anatomical successcomplicationsfunctional successretrolental fibroplasiasurgical management

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