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Propofol promotes osteoclastic bone resorption by increasing DC-STAMP expression.

Eun-Jung Kim1, Hyung Joon Kim2, Seong Wan Baik3

  • 1Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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Summary

Propofol, an anesthetic, enhances osteoclast formation and bone resorption by upregulating DC-STAMP expression via the p38 pathway. This study reveals propofol

Keywords:
Bone ResorptionCell FusionOsteoclastsPropofolp38 MAP Kinase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Propofol, an intravenous anesthetic, possesses antioxidant properties due to its structural similarity to α-tocopherol.
  • α-tocopherol is known to promote osteoclast fusion and bone resorption.
  • This study investigates propofol's impact on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effects of propofol on osteoclastogenic gene expression.
  • To investigate propofol's influence on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption.
  • To elucidate the signaling pathways involved in propofol-mediated osteoclast formation.

Main Methods:

  • Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were cultured with M-CSF and RANKL in the presence of varying concentrations of propofol.
  • Osteoclast differentiation was assessed by counting TRAP-positive multinucleated cells.
  • Bone resorption activity was measured using a bone resorption assay, and the expression of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Propofol significantly increased the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated osteoclasts.
  • Propofol enhanced bone resorption activity on dentin discs.
  • Propofol upregulated DC-STAMP mRNA expression in a RANKL-dependent manner, which was suppressed by the p38 inhibitor SB203580.

Conclusions:

  • Propofol promotes osteoclast differentiation, maturation, and bone resorption.
  • Propofol enhances osteoclast cell-cell fusion through the upregulation of DC-STAMP.
  • The p38 signaling pathway mediates propofol's effect on DC-STAMP expression and subsequent osteoclastogenesis.