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School Mid-day Meal Programme in India: Past, Present, and Future.

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The National Programme for Nutrition Support for Primary Education improved school enrollment but not classroom hunger. Mid-day meals (MDM) are now a legal entitlement, providing daily hot meals to millions, though nutrient variety needs improvement.

Keywords:
Dietary intakeHot cooked mealMid-day mealNutritional statusSchool children

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science
  • Education Policy

Background:

  • The National Programme for Nutrition Support for Primary Education (NP-NSPE) began in 1995 to boost primary education and child nutrition.
  • Initial implementation involved providing cereals, with variations in meal provision across states.
  • By 2001, over 100 million students were covered, showing enrollment gains but no impact on classroom hunger.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the NP-NSPE and subsequent Mid-day Meal (MDM) scheme.
  • To assess the nutritional impact and identify areas for improvement in the MDM program.
  • To explore the potential of integrating school health services with MDM for enhanced child nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of program implementation data from 1995 onwards.
  • Review of Supreme Court rulings and policy changes regarding school meals.
  • Assessment of the nutritional adequacy of current Mid-day Meal provisions.

Main Results:

  • Universal primary education and Mid-day Meal (MDM) provision have been achieved.
  • MDM currently provides daily hot cooked meals to approximately 100 million children.
  • While cereal content is adequate, the provision of pulses and vegetables in MDM is insufficient.

Conclusions:

  • The Mid-day Meal (MDM) scheme has successfully achieved universal coverage and provides daily meals to millions of primary school children.
  • Addressing the inadequacy of pulse and vegetable content in MDM is crucial for improving nutritional outcomes.
  • Integrating school health services with MDM, utilizing Body Mass Index (BMI) for age, can lead to significant improvements in children's nutritional status through targeted care and counseling.