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Reprogramming Cdr2-Dependent Geometry-Based Cell Size Control in Fission Yeast.

Giuseppe Facchetti1, Benjamin Knapp2, Ignacio Flor-Parra3

  • 1Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell size regulation in fission yeast is controlled by Cdr2 protein nodes. These nodes

Keywords:
Cdr2cell size homeostasisfission yeastsizer controlsynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Quantitative biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Cell size control is crucial for proliferating cells, employing sizer, adder, or timer mechanisms.
  • Fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, uses a sizer mechanism involving the kinase Cdr2, which localizes in medial plasma membrane nodes.
  • The precise mechanism by which Cdr2 contributes to cell size sensing remains to be fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Cdr2 nodal density in sensing and controlling cell size in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
  • To determine if Cdr2 is essential for area-based size sensing and to identify potential secondary size control mechanisms.
  • To explore the geometrical aspects of cell size control through mathematical modeling and experimental validation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cell division in wild-type and cdr2Δ mutant fission yeast cells of varying widths.
  • Development of a minimal mathematical model incorporating the Cdr2 activator Ssp1 to predict node behavior.
  • Experimental validation of model predictions using a cdr2-T166A mutant and analysis of cell length and area scaling.

Main Results:

  • Wild-type cells divide at a fixed surface area, while cdr2Δ mutants divide based on cell volume, indicating Cdr2's role in area sensing.
  • A mathematical model predicted that a specific Cdr2 mutant (cdr2-T166A) would exhibit node density scaling with cell length.
  • Experimental results confirmed that cdr2-T166A mutant cells divide at a constant cell length, supporting the model's predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Cdr2 nodal density acts as a critical factor for area-based cell size sensing in fission yeast.
  • The study supports the existence of a Cdr2-independent, volume-based size control mechanism.
  • This research highlights the importance of geometrical factors and provides insights into the sizer mechanism of cell size control.