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Astrovirus evolution and emergence.

Nicholas Wohlgemuth1, Rebekah Honce2, Stacey Schultz-Cherry1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
|January 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Astroviruses, RNA viruses causing gastrointestinal illness, exhibit high genetic variability. This review explores their evolution, focusing on recombination and cross-species transmission, which drive viral emergence.

Keywords:
AstrovirusCross-species transmissionEmergenceRecombination

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Astroviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses in the Astroviridae family.
  • They infect various hosts, causing gastrointestinal illness, but can also lead to encephalitis.
  • High genetic variability arises from error-prone polymerases and recombination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on astrovirus evolution and emergence.
  • To focus on the roles of cross-species transmission and recombination.
  • To understand factors influencing astrovirus spread between species.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on astrovirus evolution.
  • Analysis of genetic variability and recombination events.
  • Examination of evidence for cross-species transmission.

Main Results:

  • Astroviruses possess high genetic variability and undergo frequent recombination.
  • Recent evidence indicates potential for cross-species transmission.
  • Recombination significantly contributes to evolutionary changes and emergence.

Conclusions:

  • Astrovirus evolution is shaped by recombination and cross-species transmission.
  • Understanding these processes is crucial for predicting viral emergence.
  • Further research is needed to determine the frequency and regulation of cross-species transmission.