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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

218.1K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

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Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
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Determining the Plane of Cell Division02:13

Determining the Plane of Cell Division

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Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function. 
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division...
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Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Neutrophil Isolation and Analysis to Determine their Role in Lymphoma Cell Sensitivity to Therapeutic Agents
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STAT-3 RNAscope Determination in Human Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Roberto Tamma1, Giuseppe Ingravallo2, Francesco Albano3

  • 1Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.

Translational Oncology
|January 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL) shows higher STAT3 RNA expression compared to germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL (GCB-DLBCL). Tumor vessels in ABC-DLBCL also exhibit increased STAT3 and FVIII co-expression.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
  • Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates critical cellular processes like proliferation and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare STAT3 RNA expression in activated B-cell-like DLBCL (ABC-DLBCL) and germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL (GCB-DLBCL) subtypes.
  • To investigate STAT3 and FVIII co-expression in tumor vasculature of DLBCL subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • RNAscope technology was employed to quantify STAT3 RNA expression in patient samples.
  • Confocal immunofluorescence analysis was used to assess co-expression of FVIII and STAT3 in tumor endothelial cells.

Main Results:

  • ABC-DLBCL tissues exhibited significantly higher STAT3-positive cell counts than GCB-DLBCL tissues.
  • Tumor vessels in ABC-DLBCL samples showed prominent co-expression of FVIII and STAT3 in endothelial cells, unlike GCB-DLBCL samples.

Conclusions:

  • STAT3 is highly expressed and activated in ABC-DLBCL, confirming previous findings.
  • Tumor vasculature in ABC-DLBCL is characterized by endothelial cells co-expressing FVIII and STAT3, consistent with findings in primary central nervous system lymphoma.