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Road effects on bat activity depend on surrounding habitat type.

Denis Medinas1, Vera Ribeiro1, João Tiago Marques1

  • 1Conservation Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Évora, Pólo da Mitra, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal; CIBIO/InBIO-UE, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Évora, Rua Dr. Joaquim Henrique da Fonseca, 2nd, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal.

The Science of the Total Environment
|January 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Roads impact bat activity, with effects varying by distance and habitat. Low-medium traffic roads affect bats up to 500m, especially in open fields, highlighting the need for habitat management.

Keywords:
Bat guilds activityLow-medium traffic roadsRoad-effect zoneRoad-surrounding habitatRoads verges

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Wildlife Management

Background:

  • Roads are a growing concern for wildlife, yet research often overlooks low-medium traffic roads.
  • Understanding road impacts on bats is crucial, especially given the ubiquity of smaller roads globally.
  • Bat activity is influenced by road proximity and surrounding habitat types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of low-medium traffic roads on bat activity.
  • To assess how different bat guilds and species respond to roads in varied habitats.
  • To determine the spatial extent of road impacts on bat activity.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted acoustic bat surveys along transects perpendicular to roads with varying traffic volumes.
  • Recorded bat activity at multiple distances (0-1000m) from roads in Mediterranean woodland and agricultural field habitats.
  • Utilized generalized linear mixed effects models to analyze bat activity data.

Main Results:

  • Overall bat activity, particularly for short- and mid-range echolocators, decreased with proximity to roads.
  • Long-range echolocators and Pipistrellus kuhlii showed higher tolerance to road proximity.
  • Bat activity was higher in woodlands, but road verges served as important habitats in agricultural areas.
  • Negative road impacts extended up to 300m in woodlands and over 500m in open fields.

Conclusions:

  • Roads, even those with low-medium traffic, significantly affect bat activity, with impacts varying by distance, habitat, and bat guild.
  • Roadside vegetation management and habitat improvement away from roads can mitigate negative effects.
  • Balancing habitat management with road kill risk is essential for creating safer landscapes for bats.