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Catchment-scale Phosphorus Export through Surface and Drainage Pathways.

Conrad E Brendel, Michelle L Soupir, Leigh Ann M Long

Journal of Environmental Quality

|January 15, 2019

Summary

Agricultural phosphorus (P) and sediment losses are highest during storm events and via drainage pathways. Understanding these P transport dynamics is crucial for effective conservation at the catchment scale.

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Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Published on: July 22, 2019

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Agricultural Science
Water Quality Management

Background:

Phosphorus (P) and total suspended solids (TSS) runoff from agricultural lands impact water quality.
Drainage systems significantly influence P and TSS transport.
Site-specific data are needed for effective conservation at the catchment scale.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify phosphorus (P) and total suspended solids (TSS) export from agricultural subwatersheds.
To identify key transport pathways (streams, tile outlets, grassed waterways) and flow conditions influencing P and TSS losses.
To inform conservation practice implementation at the catchment scale.

Main Methods:

Monitoring of total P (TP), dissolved reactive P (DRP), and TSS at five sites across three agricultural subwatersheds.
Analysis of P and TSS export during event and baseflow conditions.
Quantification of export contributions from different flow rates and transport pathways over a 2-year period.

Main Results:

The majority of P and TSS export occurred during high-flow events, with over 75% of DRP, 66% of TP, and 59% of TSS exported during the top 25% of flows.
A single, frequent storm event accounted for substantial annual P and TSS losses.
Drainage pathways were responsible for a significant majority of cumulative TP (69.8%), DRP (59.2%), and TSS (82.6%) export, with particulate P losses exceeding dissolved P losses.

Conclusions:

Phosphorus and TSS export are highly dependent on flow conditions and transport pathways, particularly drainage systems.
Frequent, high-flow events can lead to extreme P and TSS losses, highlighting the need for dynamic conservation strategies.
Understanding the interplay between flow, precipitation, transport pathway, and P fraction is essential for optimizing conservation practices in agricultural catchments.