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Related Concept Videos

What is the Cell Cycle?00:56

What is the Cell Cycle?

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The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events occurring throughout a typical cell’s life. In eukaryotic cells, the somatic cell cycle has two stages: the interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows, performs its basic metabolic functions, copies its DNA, and prepares for mitotic cell division. Then, during mitosis and cytokinesis, the cell divides its nuclear and cytoplasmic materials, respectively. This generates two daughter cells that are identical to the...
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What is the Cell Cycle?01:04

What is the Cell Cycle?

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The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events occurring throughout a typical cell’s life. In eukaryotic cells, the somatic cell cycle has two stages: interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows, performs its basic metabolic functions, copies its DNA, and prepares for mitotic cell division. Then, during mitosis and cytokinesis, the cell divides its nuclear and cytoplasmic materials, respectively. This generates two daughter cells that are identical to the original...
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The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

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The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and...
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The Cell Cycle Control System02:11

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The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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RNA Interference in Ticks
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How the cell cycle clock ticks.

Mihkel Örd1, Mart Loog1

  • 1Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
|January 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) controls cell division, but how it triggers distinct events remains unclear. Recent research synthesizes data to explain this core cell cycle regulation mechanism.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Eukaryotic cell division is mechanistically understood, yet its core control by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) is not.
  • Multiple cyclin-CDK forms exist with overlapping roles, complicating the understanding of cell cycle regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the core control mechanism of eukaryotic cell division regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK).
  • To synthesize recent data for a clearer understanding of how a single CDK can induce different cell division events at different times.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of recent research data.
  • Conceptual analysis of CDK's role in temporal coordination of cell cycle events.

Main Results:

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  • A mechanistic answer to how a single CDK induces distinct cell division events at different cell cycle phases is now available.
  • The conserved nature of CDK control systems across eukaryotes is highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • The temporal coordination of cell division events by CDK is a central cellular control system.
  • Recent advancements provide a clearer mechanistic understanding of this fundamental biological process.