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Resisting hostility generated by terror: An agent-based study.

Sylvie Huet¹, Guillaume Deffuant¹, Armelle Nugier²

¹Laboratory of Engineering for Complex Systems (LISC), Irstea, Aubière, France.

|January 15, 2019

Summary

Following a terrorist attack, agent-based models show hostility can decrease or increase. Some groups became less hostile towards Muslims due to strong identity differentiation, challenging typical reactions.

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Area of Science:

Computational Social Science
Social Psychology
Agent-Based Modeling

Background:

Terrorist attacks can significantly impact intergroup attitudes and social cohesion.
Existing theories like Terror Management Theory and Social Judgement Theory offer frameworks for understanding reactions to cultural threats.
Agent-based models provide a computational approach to simulate complex social dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an agent-based model simulating intergroup hostility changes post-cultural threat.
To explore how cultural identity structures influence reactions to events like terrorist attacks.
To identify conditions under which hostility towards a group may decrease, rather than increase.

Main Methods:

Developed an agent-based model where agents possess cultural identities defined by acceptance segments across worldviews (Atheist, Muslim, Christian).
Simulated agent interactions and attitude formation based on cultural identity similarity.
Incorporated a terrorist attack scenario perpetrated by an extreme cultural identity (Muslim extremists) and analyzed population reactions using French survey data.

Main Results:

In most simulated populations, attitudes towards Muslims became more negative after the attack.
A subset of populations exhibited a decrease in negative attitudes towards Muslims.
This counter-intuitive effect was linked to Muslim agents strongly differentiating their identity from extremists and other agents recognizing this differentiation.

Conclusions:

Cultural identity characteristics, specifically the ability to differentiate from extreme elements, can mitigate negative intergroup attitudes following a threat.
Agent-based modeling can reveal nuanced social dynamics not always predicted by simpler models.
Understanding identity differentiation is crucial for predicting and potentially influencing societal reactions to terrorism.