Mutagenicity of indoor air pollutants adsorbed on spider webs

In this study, air pollutants were determined on spider webs collected from six indoor sites in the Lower Silesia region, southwest Poland. In order to assess the mutagenicity (M) of the collected samples, the standard Salmonella assay was used with two Salmonella typhimurium strains, TA98 and YG1041. The assays were conducted with and without metabolic activation (S9 mix). The presence of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PAH-derivatives (nitro-PAHs; NPAHs) on spider webs was also assessed at the studied sites. The total PAH content of collected samples ranged from 1.65 to 51.75 µg g^-1; the total NPAH content ranged from 0.22 to 2.44 μg g^-1. The highest PAH concentration was found at two sites: a basement with coal heating (S4) and a garage (S6). Samples from these two sites were also characterized by the highest mutagenicity values in TA98 strain (65,127 and 35,565 revertants/g of web in the absence and presence of S9 mix, respectively, for S4 and 54,753 and 46,262 revertants/g, respectively, for S6). For strain YG1041, the highest values were obtained in a basement with coal heating; values were 233,748 and 185,321 revertants/g of web in the absence and presence of S9 mix, respectively. The concentration of PAHs was significantly correlated with the mutagenicity (M) of the web samples collected. Reassuming, people are exposed to substances with possible carcinogenic properties and potential adverse health effect through the ambient air due to vehicular traffic, heating systems, cooking habits etc. The application of spider webs sampling could bring the very important information regarding the possible health effect associated with indoor air, making these kind of studies cheap and reliable.