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Assessment of iodine supplementation program on thyroid function in Sudan.

Nagi I Ali1, Sami N A Elgak1, Yousif Mohamed Y Abdallah1

  • 1Department of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome
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The iodine supplementation program in Nyala successfully reduced hypothyroidism cases from 64.09% to 0.6%. This study confirms the program

Keywords:
IodineSudanT(3)T(4)Thyroid function

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Iodine deficiency is a significant public health concern, particularly in regions with a history of deficiency.
  • Nyala was identified as a study area due to its history of iodine deficiency.
  • Khartoum served as a control area for comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Iodine Supplementation Programme in Nyala.
  • To assess the impact of the program on iodine deficiency disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) were used to measure serum levels of Thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
  • Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) with a coherent retrospective approach.
  • 2000 samples were collected from Khartoum and 450 from Nyala.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in mean serum concentrations of T3 and TSH between Khartoum and Nyala.
  • Mean serum T4 levels were 117.93 ± 42.797 nmol/L in Khartoum and 114.54 ± 45.526 nmol/L in Nyala (P=0.133).
  • Hypothyroidism cases in Nyala significantly decreased from 64.09% to 0.6% post-supplementation.

Conclusions:

  • The iodine supplementation program in Nyala has been successful in addressing iodine deficiency.
  • Increased health awareness and continued supplementation are recommended.
  • Establishment of a monitoring system for iodized products in markets is advised.