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Altitude, training and human performance.

C G Jackson1, B J Sharkey

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
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Human performance declines at high altitudes due to reduced aerobic power. While some factors like cold and ventilation changes show promise, altitude training benefits remain unclear for sea-level performance.

Area of Science:

  • Human physiology
  • Exercise science
  • Environmental medicine

Background:

  • Altitude significantly impacts human physiological functions and exercise capacity.
  • Key variables like aerobic power, metabolism, and ventilation change with ascent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex effects of altitude on human performance.
  • To identify knowns and unknowns regarding physiological adaptations and training benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of physiological responses to altitude.
  • Analysis of changes in aerobic power, cardiac and lung function, metabolism, and environmental stressors.

Main Results:

  • Maximum aerobic power decreases with altitude, impairing maximal work capacity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Pulmonary ventilation increases, and hypoxic ventilatory response may predict acclimatization benefits.
  • Cardiac function is maintained, but lung function is compromised; fat metabolism is preferred over carbohydrates.

    • Conclusions:

    • Altitude conditioning improves performance at altitude, but sea-level benefits are not yet conclusively proven.
    • Individual responses vary, and the underlying reasons for potential sea-level benefits require further investigation.