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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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A line integral for a vector field is defined as the integral of the dot product of a vector function with an infinitesimal displacement vector along a prescribed path. If the prescribed path is closed, the integrals reduce to a closed-line integral. The closed-contour integral of the vector field is referred to in terms of the circulation of the vector field around the closed path. A vector with zero circulation around every closed path is called a conservative field, while one with non-zero...
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Hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient services. Inpatient services provide care to patients that stay in the hospital for an extended period, ranging from days to months. Examples of inpatient services include intensive care units, hospital wards, or surgeries. Outpatient services provide care to patients who come to a hospital for a diagnostic or treatment but do not stay overnight —for example, diagnostic tests, surgical procedures, or health education.
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Hospitals offer medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, along with accommodation while they recover. At the same time, they also provide outpatient, emergency, psychiatric, and rehabilitation services to meet various community needs. In addition to providing medical care, hospitals also act as hubs for medical research and training. Hospitals use clinical procedures and evidence-based practice standards to deliver patient care. To deliver safe and efficient care, a nurse must stay up...
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Volume calculation often begins with simple geometric solids. For example, the volume of a rectangular box is obtained by multiplying the area of its base by its height. This straightforward approach relies on the fact that the cross-sectional area of the box remains constant throughout its length. Many real-world objects, however, do not have uniform cross-sections, and their volumes cannot be determined using elementary geometric formulas.To address this limitation, the Slicing Method...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Use of Electromagnetic Navigational Transthoracic Needle Aspiration E-TTNA for Sampling of Lung Nodules
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Community hospital experience using electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy system integrating tidal volume computed

Abhijit A Raval1,1, Leah Amir2,2

  • 1AnMed Health - Pulmonology, 2000 East Greenville Street, Suite 1100, Anderson, SC 29621, USA.

Lung Cancer Management
|January 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy effectively biopsies small peripheral pulmonary nodules, achieving an 83.3% diagnostic yield. This advanced technique is safe, has a limited learning curve, and improves diagnostic accuracy for lung lesions.

Keywords:
bronchoscopyelectromagnetic navigationtidal volume expiration

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Peripheral pulmonary nodules require accurate diagnosis for timely lung cancer treatment.
  • Computed tomography (CT) identifies suspicious lung lesions, but biopsy can be challenging.
  • Traditional transbronchial biopsies have limitations in reaching peripheral nodules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic yield, safety, and learning curve of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) for peripheral pulmonary nodules.
  • To assess the utility of 4D positional information in improving biopsy accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • ENB utilizing an electromagnetic tracking system and tip-tracked instruments through a 2 mm bronchoscope working channel.
  • Biopsy of peripheral pulmonary nodules (19.3 ± 10.7 mm) in 50 consecutive patients.
  • Analysis of diagnostic yield, safety, and learning curve.

Main Results:

  • A diagnostic yield of 83.3% (40/48) was achieved for peripheral pulmonary nodules < 30 mm.
  • The procedure was found to be safe and effective in early experience.
  • A limited learning curve was observed for the technique.

Conclusions:

  • ENB is a safe and effective method for diagnosing peripheral pulmonary nodules.
  • The use of 4D positional information shows potential to enhance diagnostic yield.
  • ENB offers an improved approach for transbronchial biopsies of small lung lesions.