Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Kidney Structure

Kidney Structure

The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.

Physiological Barriers

Physiological Barriers

Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...

Barriers to Effective Communication II

Barriers to Effective Communication II

The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Efficacy and safety of intrapleural fibrinolysis in pleural infection. Real-life study over 10 years in a university hospital].

Revue des maladies respiratoires·2026

Same author

Identification of a universal three-body s-wave resonance in <sup>10</sup>He.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Laryngeal transplantation after total laryngectomy: An emerging and controversial perspective in head and neck oncology.

Oral oncology·2026

Same author

Regional anaesthesia in Video or Robot assisted thoracic surgery: A French multicentre prospective observational cohort study (ARTIST study).

Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine·2026

Same author

Accuracy of Dexcom G6® and FreeStyle Libre® Sensors in Standardized Hypoxia Conditions: A Randomized Controlled Trial-FOX Study.

Diabetes technology & therapeutics·2026

Same author

Safety and glycemic outcomes of DBLG1 coupled to the DANA-i pump in adults and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The SP8 trial.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion for the Preservation of Kidney Grafts prior to Transplantation

Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion for the Preservation of Kidney Grafts prior to Transplantation

Published on: July 15, 2015

Barriers and Advances in Kidney Preservation.

C Steichen^1,2, S Giraud^1,2,3, D Bon^1,2

¹Inserm U1082, Poitiers, F-86000, France.

Biomed Research International

|January 16, 2019

Summary

Optimizing kidney preservation is crucial due to ischemia-reperfusion injuries. This review explores new strategies and biomarkers to improve transplant outcomes amid declining organ quality.

More Related Videos

Orthotopic Kidney Auto-Transplantation in a Porcine Model Using 24 Hours Organ Preservation And Continuous Telemetry

Orthotopic Kidney Auto-Transplantation in a Porcine Model Using 24 Hours Organ Preservation And Continuous Telemetry

Published on: August 21, 2020

The Mouse Isolated Perfused Kidney Technique

The Mouse Isolated Perfused Kidney Technique

Published on: November 17, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion for the Preservation of Kidney Grafts prior to Transplantation

Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion for the Preservation of Kidney Grafts prior to Transplantation

Published on: July 15, 2015

Orthotopic Kidney Auto-Transplantation in a Porcine Model Using 24 Hours Organ Preservation And Continuous Telemetry

Orthotopic Kidney Auto-Transplantation in a Porcine Model Using 24 Hours Organ Preservation And Continuous Telemetry

Published on: August 21, 2020

The Mouse Isolated Perfused Kidney Technique

The Mouse Isolated Perfused Kidney Technique

Published on: November 17, 2016

Area of Science:

Transplantation immunology
Organ preservation science
Regenerative medicine

Background:

Kidney graft dysfunction often results from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).
Current understanding of IRI mechanisms and optimal preservation parameters remains incomplete.
Declining donor organ quality necessitates evolving preservation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current barriers in kidney transplantation and preservation.
To discuss novel strategies for overcoming these challenges.
To highlight the importance of biomarkers and new therapeutic approaches for graft monitoring and improvement.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing barriers and novel strategies in kidney preservation.
Discussion of emerging therapeutic avenues, including stem cell-based treatments.
Analysis of the role of biomarkers in predicting transplant outcomes.

Main Results:

Identified key barriers: temperature control, oxygenation during preservation, and machine perfusion protocols.
Proposed novel strategies focusing on improved preservation techniques and monitoring.
Emphasized the need for reliable biomarkers to assess graft quality and predict outcomes.

Conclusions:

Advancing kidney preservation requires addressing current limitations and exploring innovative methods.
Biomarkers are essential for monitoring graft health and predicting transplant success.
Future directions include stem cell therapies and advanced testing models to enhance long-term graft survival.