Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion01:20

Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion

1.7K
Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences...
1.7K
Cognitive Theories: Lazarus Mediational Theory of Emotion01:17

Cognitive Theories: Lazarus Mediational Theory of Emotion

2.1K
Richard Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory highlights the pivotal role of cognitive appraisal in shaping emotional responses. According to this theory, the evaluation of a stimulus — based on personal values, goals, beliefs, and expectations — mediates the emotional response. This appraisal process is immediate and often occurs unconsciously, influencing the intensity and nature of the resulting emotion.
Cognitive Appraisal and Emotional Response
Lazarus proposed that...
2.1K
Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes01:15

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

203
Cognitive processes affect social behavior by guiding how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to social stimuli. These mental processes enable individuals to assess others' behaviors, attribute causes to their actions, and form expectations based on past experiences.Causes of Behavior and Social JudgmentsIndividuals determine the causes of others' behaviors by distinguishing between personal traits and external circumstances. For example, if a friend frequently arrives late, an...
203
Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing01:22

Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing

326
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
Neuroticism and...
326
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Physiology of Emotion01:20

Physiology of Emotion

3.4K
The physiology of emotions is a multifaceted process involving the autonomic nervous system, brain structures, hormones, and neurotransmitters. This intricate interplay dictates how emotions manifest in the body and influence behavior.
Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a critical role in emotional responses by regulating involuntary physiological functions. It consists of two main components: the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. The sympathetic system...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of orally administered S-ketamine in healthy participants.

Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)·2026
Same author

Sustained pharmacodynamic effects of S-ketamine on cortical excitability and resting-state brain activity: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Effects of acute ebselen add-on treatment on resting state function connectivity in depressed patients with inadequate response to antidepressants.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Effects on hippocampal activity following novel 5-HT4 receptor agonism in unmedicated patients with depression: the RESTAND study.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Pro-cognitive effects of 5-HT4 receptor agonism in individuals with remitted depression.

Psychological medicine·2026
Same author

An analysis on the role of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in cognitive and mental health disorders.

Nature. Mental health·2026
Same journal

Qualitative Clock-Drawing Errors Across Dementia Etiologies and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Clinically Interpretable Six-Class Framework.

CNS spectrums·2026
Same journal

Correlation patterns between lifetime mood spectrum, impulsivity, and disordered eating behaviors in candidates to bariatric surgery.

CNS spectrums·2026
Same journal

Do patients and clinicians agree on the essential features of OCD?

CNS spectrums·2026
Same journal

Treatment Instability in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): A U.S. Real-World Evidence Study.

CNS spectrums·2026
Same journal

Prevalence, Severity and Correlates of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in 205 Outpatients with Schizophrenia: Results from a Cross-sectional, Observational Study Assessing Diagnoses via the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

CNS spectrums·2026
Same journal

Lithium and long-term cognitive outcomes in bipolar disorder and early dementia: a systematic review.

CNS spectrums·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
16:08

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition

Published on: February 1, 2012

16.8K

Cognitive emotional processing across mood disorders.

Priyanka Panchal1, Alexander Kaltenboeck1, Catherine J Harmer1

  • 11Psychopharmacology and Emotion Research Laboratory (PERL),Department of Psychiatry,University of Oxford,Oxford,UK.

CNS Spectrums
|January 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores cognitive emotional processing deficits in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Findings highlight shared and distinct impairments, with mood instability as a potential transdiagnostic marker.

Keywords:
Attentionbipolar disordercognitionmajor depressive disordermemorymood disordersmood instabilityneuroimagingreward processing

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.5K
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

41.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition
16:08

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Impairing Effect of Emotion on Cognition

Published on: February 1, 2012

16.8K
The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.5K
The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content
07:21

The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content

Published on: June 29, 2016

41.3K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive emotional processing deficits are central to mood disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD).
  • Understanding shared and distinct features of these cognitive impairments is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Mood instability is increasingly recognized as a transdiagnostic feature across mood disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on similarities and differences in cognitive emotional processing between MDD and BD.
  • To examine these impairments across cognitive domains: perception, attention, memory, and reward processing.
  • To explore the relationship between cognitive deficits and the clinical profiles of MDD and BD, considering mood instability.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies.
  • Analysis of cognitive biases, particularly mood-congruent biases.
  • Integration of state- and trait-related characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests mood-congruent biases in cognitive processing are common in both MDD and BD.
  • Distinct patterns of impairment exist across perception, attention, memory, and reward processing.
  • Mood instability may serve as a transdiagnostic marker from early stages to maintenance of mood disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive emotional processing abnormalities are key features of MDD and BD, with overlapping and unique characteristics.
  • Mood-congruent cognitive biases and mood instability are significant transdiagnostic elements.
  • Further research integrating cognitive, neuroimaging, and clinical data is needed for a comprehensive understanding and improved translational outcomes.