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The measures of central tendency calculated from a data set may not reveal much about its intrinsic distribution. If a plot is made of the data set’s values, the mean and the median may not only differ, but also the plot may have more values on one side of the central tendencies. Such a data set is said to be skewed towards that side.
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If the frequency distribution of a data set is more inclined towards smaller or larger values, the distribution is said to be skewed. If data values are skewed to the right, then the distribution is called positively skewed. Conversely, if the plot is skewed to the left, the distribution is called negatively skewed.
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Development of an In Vitro Ocular Platform to Test Contact Lenses
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Imaging with two skew ideal lenses.

Jakub Bělín, Johannes Courtial

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |January 16, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study simplifies complex lens systems by describing any two arbitrarily arranged ideal lenses as a single equivalent lens. This advances the understanding of novel optical instruments using skew-lens combinations.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Optical Engineering
    • Transformation Optics

    Background:

    • Traditional lens systems typically share a common optical axis.
    • Recent transformation optics devices utilize lenses without a common optical axis direction.
    • Understanding these novel lens configurations is challenging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a simplified model for understanding lens systems with arbitrarily arranged lenses.
    • To provide a tool for analyzing novel optical instruments employing skew-lens combinations.

    Main Methods:

    • Mathematical description of combinations of two ideal lenses in arbitrary arrangements.
    • Derivation of an equivalent single ideal lens representation.

    Main Results:

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    • Any combination of two ideal lenses, regardless of their arrangement, can be represented as a single ideal lens.
    • This unified description simplifies the analysis of complex lens systems.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method offers a powerful tool for understanding and designing optical instruments with skew-lens combinations.
    • This work facilitates the advancement of transformation optics devices.