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Estimation of log-odds ratio from group testing data using Firth correction
Surupa Roy1, Tathagata Banerjee2
1Department of Statistics, St Xavier's College, Kolkata, India.
Abstract:
We consider the estimation of the prevalence of a rare disease, and the log-odds ratio for two specified groups of individuals from group testing data. For a low-prevalence disease, the maximum likelihood estimate of the log-odds ratio is severely biased. However, Firth correction to the score function leads to a considerable improvement of the estimator. Also, for a low-prevalence disease, if the diagnostic test is imperfect, the group testing is found to yield more precise estimate of the log-odds ratio than the individual testing.
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What are Estimates?
The estimate for the mean of a sample is denoted by ͞x, whereas the mean of the population is designated as μ. Further, parameters such...

