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Factors Associated With Persistent Opioid Use Among Injured Workers' Compensation Claimants.

Nathan N O'Hara1, Andrew N Pollak1, Christopher J Welsh1

  • 1University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.

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Persistent opioid use affects nearly 30% of injured workers in this study. Older age, specific injuries, and chronic pain increase the risk for prolonged opioid use in workers' compensation claims.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational health
  • Pain management
  • Public health

Background:

  • Limited data exists on persistent opioid use among workers' compensation claimants.
  • Understanding factors associated with prolonged opioid use is crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of injured workers with persistent opioid use (beyond 90 days).
  • To identify factors associated with persistent opioid use in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using workers' compensation claims data (2008-2016).
  • Included claimants with at least one opioid prescription; excluded those who died.
  • Multivariable regression analyzed prognostic factors for persistent opioid use.

Main Results:

  • 28.6% of 9596 claimants exhibited persistent opioid use.
  • Factors associated with persistent use included: age ≥60, crush/strain/sprain injuries, income >$60,000, and chronic joint pain.
  • Medical-only claims were less likely to involve persistent opioid use compared to permanent partial disability claims.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of workers' compensation claimants experience persistent opioid use.
  • Interventions should target individuals with identified risk factors to reduce prolonged opioid use.