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Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Human behavior is intricately shaped by social influences that arise from interactions with others in diverse contexts. These influences not only mold beliefs and attitudes but also drive the regulation of behaviors through both direct communication and observational learning. The study of these processes falls within the domain of social psychology, which seeks to understand how individuals are affected by and affect those around them.Mechanisms of Social InfluenceDirect social influence...
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Groups play a fundamental role in shaping individual behavior, as they establish norms that guide interactions and decision-making. Social psychology examines how individuals conform to group expectations, often adjusting their attitudes and actions to align with group norms. These norms can be formal, such as workplace policies, or informal, such as unspoken social expectations within a fraternity.Conformity and Social InfluenceConformity arises when individuals modify their behaviors or...
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Alfred Adler, a prominent figure in psychology, founded the school of individual psychology. In contrast to Freud's emphasis on sexual or aggressive motives, Adler suggested that individuals are primarily motivated by their purposes and goals. He believed that people strive for perfection rather than pleasure. Adler argued that individuals could creatively act upon their genetic inheritance and environmental experiences to shape their own lives, emphasizing conscious motivation over...
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Related Experiment Video

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Orthotopic Implantation of Patient-Derived Cancer Cells in Mice Recapitulates Advanced Colorectal Cancer
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Patient Attitudes Toward Individualized Recommendations to Stop Low-Value Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Marc S Piper1,2, Jennifer K Maratt2, Brian J Zikmund-Fisher3,4

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Providence-Providence Park Hospital, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Southfield.

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Summary

Many older adults are uncomfortable stopping colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, even when advised it offers little benefit. Patient perceptions of screening effectiveness and trust in physicians influence decisions about CRC screening cessation.

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines for older adults emphasize individualized approaches based on life expectancy and risk.
  • Patient perspectives on personalized CRC screening cessation recommendations are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate veterans' comfort levels and attitudes towards discontinuing low-value colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.
  • To identify factors influencing patient acceptance of personalized CRC screening cessation.

Main Methods:

  • A survey study was conducted with 1054 veterans over 50 years old who had normal screening colonoscopies.
  • Participants responded to a question about their comfort with stopping CRC screening if deemed low-benefit based on calculators.
  • Data were analyzed using logistic regression to identify factors associated with comfort levels.

Main Results:

  • Over 28% of respondents were not comfortable stopping low-value CRC screening.
  • Nearly half (49.3%) believed age should not determine screening cessation.
  • Factors associated with greater comfort in stopping screening included higher trust in physicians and perceived health status.

Conclusions:

  • Many veterans express significant reluctance to cease CRC screening, even with information about limited benefits.
  • Addressing patient perceptions of screening effectiveness and perceived threat of CRC is crucial for implementing individualized screening recommendations.
  • Future efforts to tailor CRC screening cessation advice must consider patient beliefs and trust in medical guidance.