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Rotavirus gastroenteritis in Indian children < 5 years hospitalized for diarrhoea, 2012 to 2016

Sidhartha Giri1, Nayana P Nair1, Ann Mathew2

  • 1Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

BMC Public Health
|January 17, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus gastroenteritis is common in Indian children under five. Pre-vaccine surveillance revealed diverse rotavirus genotypes, essential for monitoring the oral rotavirus vaccine

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Virology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The Indian government introduced the oral rotavirus vaccine (ROTAVAC) in 2016, expanding its reach in 2017.
  • This study presents four years of data on rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children under five years old before the vaccine's introduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish pre-vaccine baseline data on rotavirus gastroenteritis prevalence and circulating genotypes in India.
  • To provide essential data for evaluating the impact of the oral rotavirus vaccine post-introduction.

Main Methods:

  • Hospitalized children under five with diarrhea were recruited from seven sites in southern and northern India (July 2012 - June 2016).
  • Stool samples were analyzed for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay (EIA).
  • EIA-positive samples underwent genotyping via reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus was detected in 35.5% (2069/5834) of stool samples.
  • The most prevalent genotypes in southern India were G1P[8] (56.3%), G2P[4] (9.1%), and G9P[4] (7.6%).
  • In northern India, common genotypes included G1P[8] (36%), G9P[4] (11.4%), and G2P[4] (11.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus gastroenteritis exhibits high prevalence and significant genotypic diversity across India.
  • Pre-vaccine surveillance data is crucial for assessing the future impact of the rotavirus vaccine on disease burden and circulating strains.
Abstract

Keywords:
DiarrhoeaEnzyme immunoassayGastroenteritisGenotypesIndiaPolymerase chain reactionRotavirus

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