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Comparative Genomic Screen in Two Yeasts Reveals Conserved Pathways in the Response Network to Phenol Stress

Bashar Alhoch1, Alan Chen1, Elaine Chan1

  • 1W.M. Keck Science Department, The Claremont Colleges, Claremont, CA 91711.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
|January 17, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals how yeast cells respond to phenol stress, identifying key genes and pathways involved in survival. These findings offer insights into human health and diseases linked to defective stress responses.

Area of Science:

  • * Molecular biology
  • * Genomics
  • * Cellular stress response

Background:

  • * Organismal survival depends on effective response mechanisms to environmental perturbations.
  • * Defective stress responses are linked to human diseases like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • * Phenol derivatives (BHA, BHT, BPA) have conflicting biological activities, necessitating a deeper understanding of their molecular actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To conduct the first comparative genomic analysis of phenol stress response genetic networks.
  • * To investigate these networks in two divergent yeasts, *Schizosaccharomyces pombe* and *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*.
  • * To identify conserved genes and pathways relevant to human health.

Main Methods:

  • * Genomic screening of deletion strain libraries in *S. pombe* and *S. cerevisiae* to identify genes essential for phenol stress response.
  • * Comparative genomic analysis to establish evolutionary context.
  • * Functional analysis of identified genes to elucidate involved signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • * Identified genes required for cellular response to phenol stress, many with human orthologs.
  • * Uncovered major signaling pathways involved in defense, including cell cycle arrest and DNA repair.
  • * Revealed roles for V-ATPases in phenol detoxification, reactive oxygen species alleviation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress relief via ergosterol and unfolded protein response.

Conclusions:

  • * This study provides a global view of cellular defense mechanisms against phenol stress.
  • * Novel roles for cellular pathways in stress response and detoxification were uncovered.
  • * Findings contribute to understanding the molecular basis of phenol action and its implications for human health.
Keywords:
UPRcell cycle regulation and DNA repaircomparative genomic screenergosterol and V-ATPasephenol stress response in yeasts

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